More than fifty percent of the petroleum reservoirs are in carbonate rocks. In the Middle East, it is estimated that this number increases to seventy percent. A great number of these reservoirs are naturally fractured, e.g., Ghawar field, in Saudi Arabia, Cantarell field in Mexico and Yates field in the USA. These are three of the largest fields in the world. The interest in such fields has grown tremendously.
The presence of extensive networks of natural fractures creates a number of challenges for evaluating and optimising recovery from naturally fractured reservoirs. The use of dual porosity or dual permeability models is often necessary, providing the basis for both analytical methods (such as used for pressure transient analysis) as well as for reservoir simulation. Appropriate application of dual porosity and dual permeability models, however, rely on: a) accurate representation of the fracture system as an equivalent porous and permeable medium, and b) accurate determination of the rates of fluid transport between matrix blocks and the fracture system.
This course is designed to provide different approaches for evaluation and characterization of heterogeneous naturally fractured carbonate reservoirs by wire-line log, core analysis and well testing. Different methods for modelling and dynamic simulation of naturally fractured reservoirs and case histories will be reviewed including multiple porosity model with structured grids and single porosity with unstructured grids. Production data analysis of unconventional reservoirs will also be reviewed.
The course covers the fractured reservoirs, learn how to recognize and evaluate natural fractured reservoir; the overall effect of natural fractures on subsurface fluid-flow; the techniques that employ outcrop and subsurface rock data; the methods for controlling short-term and long-term performance in fractured reservoirs; the various types of data necessary to evaluate and manage them; and the geologic aspects, origin and classification of fractured reservoirs.
During this interactive course, participants will learn the geologic aspects and petrophysics properties of carbonate rock; the overall effect of natural fractures on subsurface fluid-flow; the reservoir characterization principals and techniques that employ outcrop and subsurface rock data; the types of data necessary to characterize the natural fracture reservoir and the modelling work flow; the fracture reservoir characterizing model can be constructed emphazing on carbonate; the methods for controlling short-term and long-term performance in fractured reservoirs; and the geologic aspects, petrophysics and rock properties.